Aseptic Preparation of the skin before arthrocentesis in horses

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		DERMATOLOGY

ASEPTIC PREPARATION OF THE SKIN BEFORE ARTHROCENTESIS IN HORSES
Is it necessary to change the aseptic preparation in horses coming from `dirty` environments, and which preparation can be recommended? These questions are central in this recently published study dealing with the presurgical preparation of the distal interphalangeal joint for arthrocentesis.

Four methods of povidoneiodine preparation on skin bacterial flora of arthrocentesis sites, in horses, with and without evidence of skin contamination, were evaluated in this prospective randomized study including 24 adult horses. Horses were assigned to either the clean or contaminated group based on housing environment and visual evidence of contamination. Using a moist sterile swab, microbial culture samples were obtained from the skin over the distal interphalangeal joints immediately before and after preparation. Each site was aseptically prepared with 1 of 4 povidoneiodine techniques: 10-minutes scrub, 5-minutes scrub, three 30-second scrubs, or commercial one-step iodophor surgical solution. Colony forming units (CFUs) were determined for each sample, 24 hours after inoculation, on blood agar plates. Results : Mean (±SD) pre-scrub CFUs/mL was significantly higher in the contaminated group (9588.33±1223.65) compared with the clean group (4489.00±3842.03) (P<.01). After preparation of the arthrocentesis sites, there were no significant differences in post-scrub CFUs/mL among the 10 minutes (mean clean, 46.00±64.36; mean contaminated, 28.67±18.04), 5 minutes (mean clean, 84.17±109.80; mean contaminated, 40.33±44.52), three 30 seconds povidoneiodine scrubs (mean clean, 95.50±172.29; mean contaminated, 46.67±56.94), or application of a commercial one-step iodophor surgical solution (mean clean, 102.17±161.78; mean contaminated 117.67±143.78); or between the clean (81.96±131.69) and contaminated groups (58.33±85.90) (P<.01). Conclusions: Preparation of the distal interphalangeal joint arthrocentesis site with each of these techniques significantly reduces the bacterial flora to a similar level for arthrocentesis in horses with and without evidence of skin contamination. Aseptic preparation of the skin over the distal interphalangeal joint may be accomplished with any of these techniques. Source: Zubrod, Chad J., Farnsworth, Kelly D. & Oaks, J. Lindsay (2004): Evaluation of Arthrocentesis Site Bacterial Flora before and after 4 Methods of Preparation in Horses with and without Evidence of Skin Contamination. In: Veterinary Surgery 33 (5), 525-530.
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Efficacy of three different antiseptics as surgical skin preparations in dogs Various antiseptics are available for surgical skin preparation. The objective of this new study for South Africa was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of a 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% ethanol solution (CG+A) with that of F10 Skin Prep Solution (F10) and electrochemically activated water (EAW) when used as a surgical preparation in canine patients. One hundred sixteen dogs presented for ovariohysterectomy were enrolled in this prospective randomized clinical study very important for daily surgical practice.