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Addition of nitrous oxide to isoflurane anaesthesia in dogs
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Isoflurane anaesthesia has become the standard inhalation anaesthesia in various surgeries worldwide. In this study, the rate and quality of recovery from anaesthesia where isoflurane was delivered in oxygen or oxygen/nitrous oxide was assessed, especially the incidence of adverse behaviours. The combination seems to improve the recovery quality a lot!
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Dogs were anaesthetised with propofol were randomly allocated to receive isoflurane maintenance in either 100 per cent oxygen (group 1) or 66 per cent nitrous oxide (N2O)/34 per cent oxygen (group 2).
Time from end of anaesthesia to achieving sternal recumbency was recorded.
Incidence of adverse behaviours (vocalisation, uncontrolled head movement and restlessness) were assessed.
Recovery quality was recorded on a visual analogue scale (VAS) (anchored at 0 with `best possible` recovery and `did not recover` at 100 mm).
Age, weight, gender, anaesthetic duration, mean vaporiser setting, VAS scores, recovery times, postoperative temperature and behavioural scores were compared (chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test or t-test as appropriate, significance P¡Ü0¡¤05).
Results: Objective data from 54 dogs were analysed, only VAS data where the observer was unaware of treatment group were used (n=33).
Recovery was faster in group 2 dogs (median 10 min [range 4 to 31] compared with 14 minutes [3 to 43] in group 1, P=0¡¤049) with less restlessness (0 [0 to 4] compared with 2 [0 to 4] in group 1, P=0¡¤013) and uncontrolled head movement (0 [0 to 4] compared with 1 [0 to 3] in group 1, P<0¡¤001).
However, VAS scores were not statistically different between groups (group 1: mean 39¡¤4 mm [s.d. 24¡¤0)]; group 2: 30¡¤1 mm [25¡¤9]; P=0¡¤303).
Clinical Significance: Addition of N2O to isoflurane anaesthesia results in a lower incidence of adverse behaviour (for example restlessness) and marginally faster recovery.
Source: S. Laing, V. Paul P. J. Murison (2009): The effects of nitrous oxide on recovery from isoflurane anaesthesia in dogs. In: Journal of Small Animal Practice
Volume 50 Issue 2, Pages 82 - 86
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